25 May 2021

Exam practice

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B2-C1 Conditional sentences



  • What are conditionals in English grammar? Sometimes we call them 'if clauses'. They describe the result of something that might happen (in the present or future) or might have happened but didn't (in the past) . They are made using different English verb tenses.
  • The Second Conditional:
    (if + past simple, ... would + infinitive)
    If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
    http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/second-conditional.html
  • The Third Conditional
    (if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)
    If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.
    http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/third-conditional.html
(Notice we can put 'if' at the beginning, or in the middle. It doesn't matter at all.)


INVERSION IN WRITINGS

In articles/reviews:

Try to use an inverted conditional in an anecdote or narrative: “Had it not been for Batman’s swift actions, the Joker would have conquered the city.”

In proposals:

Try to use an inverted condtional in the recommendations section you normally put in a conclusion to a proposal: “Should these recommendations be carried out, the event will be a resounding success.”

In reports:

In reports your recommendations are less likely to be followed so use  an inverted 2nd conditional: “Were the above changes to be made, the future of education in this country would be much brighter.”

What other compositions can you fit an inverted conditional into?